Search results for " mitogen activated protein kinase"

showing 2 items of 2 documents

Updated insights into the mechanism of action and clinical profile of the immunoadjuvant QS-21: A review

2019

Background Vaccine adjuvants are compounds that significantly enhance/prolong the immune response to a co-administered antigen. The limitations of the use of aluminium salts that are unable to elicite cell responses against intracellular pathogens such as those causing malaria, tuberculosis, or AIDS, have driven the development of new alternative adjuvants such as QS-21, a triterpene saponin purified from Quillaja saponaria. Purpose The aim of this review is to attempt to clarify the mechanism of action of QS-21 through either receptors or signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo with special emphasis on the co-administration with other immunostimulants in new adjuvant formulations, called a…

InflammasomesT-Lymphocytesmedicine.medical_treatmentHerpes zosterPharmaceutical ScienceMonophosphoryl Lipid AAPCs antigen presenting cellsMiceCMI cell mediated immunity0302 clinical medicineDrug DiscoveryHerpes Zoster VaccineMedicineNSCLC non small cell lung carcinomaCancerImmunity CellularVaccines Synthetic0303 health sciencesImmunogenicityIl-2 interleukine 2HIV human immunodeficiency virusLipid A030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCytokinesMolecular MedicineDCs dendritic cellsNK natural killerAdjuvantTLR Toll-like receptorHerpes Zoster VaccineCD cluster of differentiationAntigen-Presenting CellsCTL cytotoxic T lymphocytesHZ herpes zosterMPL 3-deacylated monophosphoryl lipidVaccine adjuvantImmunoadjuvantArticleVZV varicella zoster virus03 medical and health sciencesImmune systemAdjuvants ImmunologicAntigenPAMPs pathogen-associated molecular patternsMalaria VaccinesPRRs pathogen recognition receptorsQS-21 Quillaja saponaria Molina-fraction 21AnimalsMHC major histocompatibility complexMtb Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteriaSARS severe acute respiratory syndromeAntigen-presenting cellIFN-γ interferon-gamma030304 developmental biologyPharmacologybusiness.industryA-β amyloid-betaTNF-α tumor necrosis factor-alphaSaponinsQS-21MalariaQuillaja saponariaComplementary and alternative medicineTCR T-cell receptorLiposomesImmunologyKLH keyhole limpet hemocyaninbusinessdLN draining lymph nodesMAPK mitogen activated protein kinasePhytomedicine
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Age-dependent regulation of antioxidant genes by p38α MAPK in the liver

2018

p38α is a redox sensitive MAPK activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental, genotoxic and endoplasmic reticulum stresses. The aim of this work was to assess whether p38α controls the antioxidant defense in the liver, and if so, to elucidate the mechanism(s) involved and the age-related changes. For this purpose, we used liver-specific p38α-deficient mice at two different ages: young-mice (4 months-old) and old-mice (24 months-old). The liver of young p38α knock-out mice exhibited a decrease in GSH levels and an increase in GSSG/GSH ratio and malondialdehyde levels. However, old mice deficient in p38α had higher hepatic GSH levels and lower GSSG/GSH ratio than young p38α knock-…

ROS Reactive oxygen species;RSK1 Ribosomal S6 kinase10301 basic medicineMAPK/ERK pathwayAgingHPLC High-performance liquid chromatographyAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentTBP TATA-binding proteinClinical BiochemistryDEN Diethyl nitrosamine;MKP-1 MAPK phosphatase-1IκB kinaseGCLc Glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunitp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesG6PDH Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenaseBiochemistryAntioxidantsMicechemistry.chemical_compoundSuperoxide Dismutase-1Akt Protein kinase B0302 clinical medicineNrf2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2IL InterleukinSOD1 Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutaselcsh:QH301-705.5Mice KnockoutMK2 MAP-activated protein kinase 2;PGC-1α Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alphachemistry.chemical_classificationlcsh:R5-920Trx ThioredoxinGlutathione DisulfideTNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-alphabiologyLPS Lipopolysaccharide;GSSG Oxidized glutathione;MEF Mouse embryonic fibroblastsNF-kappa BGstm1 Glutathione S-transferase mu 1CatalaseEndoplasmic Reticulum StressGlutathioneLiverGSH Reduced glutathione;Catalase030220 oncology & carcinogenesisJNK c-Jun N-terminal kinaselcsh:Medicine (General)Research Papermedicine.medical_specialtyNF-E2-Related Factor 2Glutamate-Cysteine LigaseMKK MAPK kinaseAP-1 Activator protein-1IKK IƙB KinaseGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicSuperoxide dismutase03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineGlutamate cysteine ligaseEGFR Epidermal growth factor receptormedicineAnimalsNuclear factor ƙBAnd catalaseChIP Chromatin immunoprecipitation;Protein kinase BNF-ƙB Nuclear factor kappa BSuperoxide DismutaseSuperoxide dismutase 1Superoxide dismutase 2Organic ChemistryGlutathioneASK1 Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1ATF2 activating transcription factor 2;030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyEnzymeHsp Heat shock proteinlcsh:Biology (General)chemistrybiology.proteinSOD2 Mn-superoxide dismutaseMAPK mitogen activated protein kinaseNEM N-ethyl maleimide;Redox Biology
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